If our first three postulates are correct, that is, if man
is a social being, and if most of his important actions are motivated by
self-interest or partisan group interest, and if many or most of the objects
of his striving are in short supply, then if follows logically that a struggle
for rewards will be present in every human society. This struggle
need not always assume violent forms. On the contrary, it can be
carried on within the framework of some system of rules. However,
the absence of violence does not mean that the struggle is any less real
or serious for the parties involved (1966, p.31-32).
Before concluding this portion of our discussion, two further postulates
should be entered into the record. The first of these, and fourth in our
series, is that men are unequally endowed by nature with the attributes
necessary to carry on these struggles. Some are born with serious
physical handicaps which severely limit their chances. Others are
handicapped in less obvious ways, such as by poor physical coordination,
mild brain damage, lack of stamina, or even ugliness (1966, p.32).